(If you haven’t read the first part of this series, you can read it here<\/a>).<\/p>\n

Table of Contents<\/p>\n

Starting a Sentence<\/a><\/li>
Pedagogical Phrases<\/a><\/li>
Illogical Constructions<\/a><\/li>
Personal Pronouns<\/a><\/li>
Active Voice<\/a><\/li>
Personification<\/a><\/li>
Plural Nouns<\/a><\/li>
Abbreviations, Formulae, and Numerals<\/a><\/li>
Chemical Names<\/a><\/li>
Terms and Expressions<\/a><\/li><\/ul><\/nav><\/div>\n
<\/span>Starting a Sentence<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
Refrain from beginning a sentence with a symbol or numerical value.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a00.5 g of NaOH was added to 5 ml of DW, and the solution was heated.<\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e After the addition of 0.5 g of NaOH to 5 ml of DW, the solution was heated.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Pedagogical Phrases<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
Avoid phrases that address the process of learning and not the science of the experiment.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
This experiment helped us learn about\u2026<\/p>\n
or<\/p>\n
The objective of this experiment was to learn about\u2026<\/p>\n
Though such sentences are preferred in original articles, scientific reports\/communication should concentrate solely on the data and outcomes.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Illogical Constructions<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
Check that a modifier phrase or the pronoun \u201cit\u201d refers to the intended subject.<\/p>\n
Tip 1<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n
To avoid dangling modifiers and unclear antecedents, think about the subject.<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a0Being coated with grease, I cleaned the flask before adding reagents.<\/p>\n
Was I coated with grease or the flask?<\/em><\/p>\n
The flask was coated with grease, and so, <\/em><\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e Because the flask was coated with grease, it was cleaned before adding reagents.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Personal Pronouns<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
As scientific experiments display facts that do not depend on the observer, reports should avoid using the first and second person pronouns (I\/my\/me\/we\/our\/us\/you\/your).<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a0I filtered the solution and noticed the production of a yellow powder.<\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e Filtration of the solution yielded a yellow powder.<\/p>\n
When referring to your own outcomes or conclusions, it is apt to use the first\/second person.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
While AB et al. report X value, the authors\u2019 data indicate Y value.<\/p>\n
or<\/p>\n
AB et al. report X value, but our data yield Y value.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Active Voice<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
Whenever possible,\u00a0<\/em>use active voice.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a0Passive: Historically, nursing has been adversely manipulated by the tobacco lobby, putting patient care at risk.<\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e\u00a0Active: Historically, the tobacco lobby has adversely manipulated nursing, putting patient care at risk.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Personification<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
Do not personify compounds and equipment.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a0The spectrum shows two bands of equal intensity.<\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e Two bands of equal intensity appear in the spectrum.<\/p>\n
<\/span>Plural Nouns<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
Verb usage when stating the amount of chemical reagent and terms such as data (singular: datum) and spectra (spectrum) is frequently confused.<\/p>\n
A quantity used is a singular subject, even when that quantity is in a plural form of units.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a0<\/em>While the solution boiled, 5.0 g of KBr were added.<\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e While the solution boiled, 5.0 g of KBr was added.<\/p>\n
Verb Tense and \u201cVerbing\u201d a Noun<\/p>\n
Generally, journal guidelines\u00a0state the tense to be followed in every section of the manuscript.<\/p>\n
Tip 2<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n
Use past tense to explain a procedure:<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
Hydrochloric acid was added to the flask slowly to prevent the decomposition of the product.<\/em><\/p>\n
Use present tense to explain a scientific fact:<\/strong><\/p>\n
Hydrochloric acid is a caustic substance that must be used with caution.<\/em><\/p>\n
\u201cVerbing\u201d a noun, i.e., turning a noun into a verb makes the sentence ambiguous and must be avoided.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a0X complexes to Y<\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e X forms complexes with Y<\/p>\n
<\/span>Abbreviations, Formulae, and Numerals<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\n
Describe abbreviations for chemical compounds or ligands in the first instance. However, standard organic abbreviations (e.g., Me = methyl, Pr =\u00a0iso<\/em>propyl) can be used without definition.\u00a0Use chemical formulae for standard compounds but not when the name is shorter or more precise.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\n
NaOH (aq) for sodium hydroxide<\/em><\/li>\n
Caffeine for C<\/em>_{8<\/sub><\/em>H<\/em>_{10<\/sub><\/em>N<\/em>_{4<\/sub><\/em>O<\/em>_{2<\/sub><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\nLong compound names can be numbered if repeated often.\u00a0The number should be bold or underlined, described when first presented, and should appear in parentheses when used as an adjective.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
Investigations into 8-hydroxyquinoline\u00a0(1)\u00a0<\/strong>and 4-iodo-8-hydroxyquinoline\u00a0(2)\u00a0<\/strong>are described. Recrystallization of\u00a01<\/strong>\u00a0and\u00a02<\/strong>\u2026<\/p>\n
Use a leading zero for values less than unity and avoid values with numerous zeroes (use scientific notation instead) for decimals.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a0.15 mm, \u00a0\u2714\ufe0e\u00a00.15 mm<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a00.000024 mM,\u00a0\u2714\ufe0e\u00a02.3 \u00d7 10^{\u20134\u00a0<\/sup>mM<\/p>\n}
<\/span>Chemical Names<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nChemical names are not capitalized except when they are tradenames (e.g., Tylenol).<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a0The reaction of Cobalt (II) was\u2026<\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e The reaction of cobalt (II) was\u2026<\/p>\n
<\/span>Terms and Expressions<\/strong><\/span><\/span><\/h3>\nUse terms such as \u201csynthesizing<\/em>\u201d new compounds and \u201cpreparing<\/em>\u201d solutions; avoid terms such as \u201cproducts were\u00a0created<\/em>.\u201d\u00a0With\/Using\/By\/On\u2014refrain from using these interchangeably as they might be inaccurate in a few cases.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
Spectra are measured \u201cwith<\/em>\/using<\/em>\u201d and not \u201con<\/em>\u201d a spectrometer.<\/p>\n
Tip 3<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n
Spectrometers, colorimeters, etc. should be referred to as \u201cinstruments,\u201d not \u201cmachines.\u201d<\/strong><\/p><\/blockquote>\n
The intransitive verb \u201creact<\/em>\u201d is the most used term in chemistry papers. It should not have an object or be in the passive voice.\u00a0Chemical reagents react with each other; they are not<\/em> reacted.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7<\/strong>\u00a0A and B were reacted to produce C and D.<\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e The reaction of A and B, potassium hydroxide, and hydrochloric acid produced C and D.<\/p>\n
A hypothesis can be \u201ctested<\/em>\u201d but, for most laboratory work, the terms \u201cmeasured,\u201d \u201cinvestigated,\u201d\u00a0\u201cdetermined,\u201d \u201ccalculated,\u201d and \u201cobtained\u201d are more suitable.<\/p>\n
Example<\/p>\n
\u00d7 <\/strong>The absorbance of the solution was tested using\u2026<\/p>\n
\u2714\ufe0e The absorbance of the solution was measured using\u2026<\/p>\n
Reference: www.chemistry.kenyon.edu\/getzler\/08F-CourseFiles\/BriefGuideWritingChemistry<\/p>\n
While so many conventions could be too much to remember, \u00a0using Trinka makes it easier to write! Trinka<\/a> not only suggests words which are technically correct for your subject-area but also checks adherence to formal tone, correct word choice, appropriate usage of voice, pronouns, etc. It takes care of all the academic writing conventions, so that you can focus more on your ideas!<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"
(If you haven’t read the first part of this series, you can read it here). Here, we will explain the scientific conventions and\u00a0writing styles\u00a0adhered to in chemistry papers. You can make your academic writing in chemistry effective by following and incorporating these suggestions. Another way of getting such assistance is with Trinka, an online grammar […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":3,"featured_media":341,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[208],"tags":[14,13,17],"acf":[],"featured_image_url":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2020\/09\/Effective-Chemistry-resarch-paper-2.png","_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/338"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/3"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=338"}],"version-history":[{"count":10,"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/338\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4818,"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/338\/revisions\/4818"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/341"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=338"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=338"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.trinka.ai\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=338"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}}}}}